3 Risk Factors Of PCL Tears: Preventing Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Is Your PCL In Danger?

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is a strong ligament in the back of the knee joint. Along with the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the PCL connects the femur to the tibia. Both ligaments play a crucial role in stabilizing the knee joint. This PCL prevents the tibia from moving too far backward in relation to the femur, helping maintain stability and function when walking, running, and jumping. While the PCL is bigger and stronger than the ACL, PCL tears can still happen. Close to 20% of injuries to knee ligaments are attributable to PCL tears. Here are 3 risk factors that increase the chances of PCL tears.

1. Knee trauma or direct impact

The primary risk factor for PCL tears is trauma or a direct impact on the knee. This damage can occur during activities such as contact sports. Football, basketball, and soccer are typical examples where the knee can experience excessive rotation or hyperextension. A collision on the field creating direct trauma or dislocation while the knee is flexed can also increase the risk of PCL tears. Other sports that may pose a risk for PCL tears include rugby, skiing, basketball, and dancing. Accidents, like falls or car accidents, also increase the risk of knee injuries.

2. Previous knee injuries or surgeries

The knee is not limited to the ACL and PCL. There are other bones, cartilage, and ligaments that work together to stabilize the joint. Like the PCL, these components are prone to damage due to injury or overuse. Individuals who have previously undergone knee surgeries are at an increased risk of PCL tears. Meniscus repair and medial collateral ligament (MCL) repair are common examples. The ligament may have already been weakened or damaged during the injury. The joint may also become slightly weaker if something is replaced or removed. This makes the PCL more susceptible to further injury or tears.

3. Repetitive stress or overuse of the knee joint

Individuals who engage in activities or occupations that involve repetitive stress on the knee joint are also at risk of PCL tears. High-risk activities can include running, jumping, squatting, or landing from heights. Construction workers, individuals in the military, and athletes who participate in sports with repetitive knee movements are common examples. The continuous strain placed on the knee joint can cause micro-tears, weakening the ligament. Should a major accident or sudden twist of the leg occur, the chance of injury increases.

Other risk factors to consider

Genetic predisposition and age are other possible risk factors, as PCL tears are more common in individuals over 40. For athletes or weekend warriors, poor conditioning and muscle imbalances around the knee joint increases injury risk. Furthermore, certain anatomical factors, such as a shallow femoral sulcus or abnormal alignment of the tibia, can also contribute to an increased risk of PCL tears.

Preventing PCL tears is possible

To successfully prevent PCL tears, focus on avoiding high-risk activities or situations that may increase the chances of trauma or direct impact on the knee. Strengthening the muscles around the knee joint is critical for athletes, workers, and those who cannot avoid such situations. Consider weekly exercises and stretches that provide maximum support to the joint. Maintaining proper form and technique and wearing appropriate protective gear during physical activities may help. If there is a suspected knee injury or PCL tear, don’t hesitate to see a doctor immediately for the proper care.