Sprain vs Fracture: When Should I See A Doctor For An Ankle Injury?

The ligaments and bones in the feet and ankles work together to provide mobility and stability. Injuries to the ankle are common, and symptoms can seem similar. An ankle sprain is a soft tissue injury to the ligaments of the ankle. A fracture to the ankle is a break in the bone.

Causes of ankle injuries

Ankle fractures and sprains often occur during sports, such as football, running, or basketball. However, stumbling or tripping on uneven ground can result in an ankle sprain or fracture.

What is an ankle sprain?

Strong ligaments support the ankle. An ankle sprain occurs when these ligaments are stretched beyond reasonable limits and tear. Ankle sprains occur in people of all ages. These ankle injuries can range from mild to severe, depending on the tear to the ligament.

What are the symptoms of an ankle sprain?

Symptoms of an ankle sprain include:

Swelling
Pain
Bruising
Tenderness
Instability of the ankle
A pop sound or feeling when the sprain occurs

What is an ankle fracture?

Ankle fractures occur when a bone in the ankle is stressed and broken. Multiple bones in the ankle can break at once and reduce the support and stability of the ankle. The severity of a fracture can range from minor cracks in the bone to trauma that pierces the skin.

What are the symptoms of an ankle fracture?

Symptoms of an ankle fracture include:

Swelling
Immediate and severe pain
Bruising
Tenderness
Inability to put any weight on the ankle
Foot deformity

Treatment for an ankle sprain

Most mild ankle sprains can be treated at home. The recommended treatment is to follow the acronym RICE for the first 24-48 hours after the ankle injury. RICE stands for rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Medications, including non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can also control pain and swelling.

How do I follow RICE to treat an ankle sprain?

Rest the foot and do not put any weight on the foot. Ice the injured foot as soon as possible and apply a cold pack throughout the day. Wrap the foot in a towel to avoid frostbite. Compression is also recommended on the injured foot with an elastic bandage to reduce swelling. Finally, elevate the injured foot on a pillow higher than chest level.

Treatment for an ankle fracture

Ankle fractures require treatment from a medical professional to ensure that the fractures heal correctly. The doctor may need to immobilize the foot, align the bones, or recommend further treatment. Fractures can take weeks to heal and may require physical therapy.

When should I see a doctor?

Ankle sprains and fractures can exhibit similar symptoms. See a doctor if there is a clear foot deformity, an inability to walk, or if there is no improvement after home treatment. If the injury worsens over time, that is also a clear indication that the advice of a medical professional is necessary. A consultation with an orthopedic specialist can provide reassurance and ensure a positive outcome from the injury.