How Long Is Recovery From An Ankle Fusion? Benefits Of Minimally Invasive Surgery

Is It Time For An Ankle Fusion?

Chronic pain and discomfort in the ankle are no laughing matters. Sometimes, the pain happens from a fall or injury. This injury can cause a fracture that requires immediate treatment. For almost all cases, however, wear and tear of the cartilage due to arthritis causes chronic pain and stiffness. Ankle fusion can treat both issues by fusing the bones into a single piece. When a patient chooses ankle fusion, a common concern is the recovery timeline.

For a better ankle

The ankle joint contains smooth cartilage over the ends of the tibia, talus, and subtalar joints. Once the cartilage begins to wear away, inflammation and stiffness can occur after prolonged movement. Over time, arthritis can lead to more pain and swelling. A podiatrist or orthopedic specialist will recommend a range of non-surgical treatments. Examples include pain medication, physical therapy, braces, steroid injections, and orthopedic shoes. If these conservative methods fail after several months, surgery is then presented to the patient as a treatment option.

The power of minimally invasive surgery

Ankle fusion, also called ankle arthrodesis, has made significant strides over the years. Now, surgeons can use minimally invasive surgery (MIS) instead of open surgery. With MIS, surgeons only need 1-2 small incisions the size of buttonholes. Through 1 incision, the surgeon will insert a scope with a camera and light attached. The device projects an image of the inside of the ankle, allowing the surgeon to navigate easily. The surgeon can insert small tools to cut, remove, or repair a joint with the other incision. MIS has several benefits. The surgery time is shorter, and patients can often go home the same day. There is also a lower chance of infection, less pain, and fewer complications.

What to expect during ankle fusion

First, the patient is placed under anesthesia so small incisions can be made at the front or side of the ankle. The scope goes into the ankle, and the surgeon uses additional tools to remove all the diseased cartilage. Next, metal components like screws and plates are inserted through the incisions to help hold the ankle in place. Once the surgeon is satisfied with the results, the incisions are closed, and the foot is bandaged.

Your recovery timeline

MIS often means the patient can leave the same day. Some patients use an ambulatory surgical center (ASC) specializing in same-day surgery. Recovery starts almost immediately. The patient will manage pain and swelling while keeping the foot elevated. After 2 weeks, the surgeon removes the stitches and assigns the patient a walking boot, crutches, or other assistive devices. After 8-12 weeks, the ankle fuses enough to begin placing weight. After the 12-week mark, the surgeon rechecks the ankle, then approves unassisted movement. Physical therapy is also recommended at this point, lasting several months.

Stronger ankle, shorter timeline

The ankle can take up to 6 months to fully fuse. Minimally invasive surgery speeds up this timeline, as the incisions and swelling heal faster. Some patients find that movement is possible at the 6- or 8-week mark. Ankle fusion provides a powerful, singular piece of bone. However, there is some loss of flexibility. The patient can still do everyday activities but may need some modifications. No one should experience months of ankle pain and stiffness due to arthritis. A surgeon can provide the right support and plan for a stronger ankle.