Physical Therapy After Surgery: What To Expect For A Faster Recovery

Why PT Matters After Surgery

Orthopedic procedures like joint replacements, ligament reconstruction, or spinal surgery are an effective way to deal with severe or chronic conditions. Surgery, however, is just the beginning of the road to better health. Physical therapy (PT) is a healthcare practice necessary for improving function and mobility, and helping patients resume everyday activities with as little pain as possible. These objectives are achieved through strength and mobility exercises tailored to the patient. Some patients also benefit from modalities such as heat, cold, or ultrasound therapy. A common challenge with PT after surgery is the extensive timeline. A physiotherapist can help with navigating these challenges and providing tips to speed up the process.

When does your therapy kick-off?

The PT start date depends on factors such as type of surgery, patient age, health, complications, and pain tolerance. Patients undergoing open surgery are scheduled 1-2 weeks after surgery to facilitate wound healing. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can facilitate PT much sooner, with the patient starting within a few days. MIS is an excellent option for faster recovery. Some patients begin physical therapy before surgery. This step helps the patient resume therapy almost immediately after surgery. The doctor will recommend the best time to start PT.

Setting goals with your therapist

The first appointment helps to set the tone for the entire regimen. Be ready to discuss the surgery, health challenges, and movement limitations. The physiotherapist will discuss the initial recovery and any issues with performing daily activities. The conversation and subsequent plan will also be tailored to the patient. An athlete, for instance, will have a more urgent timeline. After the initial discussion and a physical assessment, the therapist will devise a plan tailored to the patient’s needs. The therapist will advise how long PT is expected to last. PT usually begins during this first session, so come prepared to move with comfortable workout clothing that caters to the surgery.

It’s time to work

During the first and following sessions, the patient will be required to perform a series of stretches and exercises. The goal is to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve mobility and ROM. These exercises increase in duration and intensity with each session. The physiotherapist may incorporate innovative exercises to challenge the muscle, joint, or ligament safely. The patient will be closely monitored and is expected to show improvement in each milestone. There should be better ROM or the ability to lift heavier loads without pain. PT also happens at home with the patient given specific instructions between sessions.

What challenges to expect

The entire physical therapy timeline can go without issue, but this is not always the case. Managing pain and discomfort is the biggest challenge for patients during this process. Each day feels different with the surgical site becoming more painful at times. Communicate clearly with the physiotherapist about current pain levels so the plan can be adjusted accordingly. Performing PT while in pain can delay progress or lead to further injuries. This may be an ideal time for the PT to include modalities like heat, cold, or massage, which all help with pain. Maintaining proper form or performing modified exercises can help. The mental challenges, such as frustration or stress, can impact success rates. Discuss these concerns with the team before proceeding.

How long does PT take?

The length of the physical therapy after surgery is different for each patient. On average, PT can take 3-6 months with weekly or biweekly sessions. Some cases, like anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction or spinal surgery, can take additional time. This timeline can vary as emergencies and other factors suddenly come into play. Remember, the goal is progress, not perfection. Some days will be better than others, so maintain a positive mindset and celebrate small wins.

How to speed up your timeline

Despite the lengthy PT, there are still ways to reduce this timeline. Patients should make proper sleep and rest a priority. This is the ideal healing time for the body. Adopting a healthier diet reduces inflammation while supplying the body with more vitamins and minerals. Manage any other chronic diseases while limiting smoking and alcohol consumption. Remain consistent and show up for all sessions. During sessions, work to the edge of the comfort zone, increasing intensity with the therapist’s guidance. Finally, consider incorporating other innovative strategies like aqua therapy or regenerative medicine. These steps can help with a faster recovery.

Get the most out of your surgery with PT

Surgery without physical therapy can reduce mobility, strength, and ROM. Patients can even suffer further damage or re-injury. PT ensures the patient gets as much benefit from the surgery as possible. While PT can be time-consuming, the benefits are fantastic for long-term health and wellness. Work with the medical team to establish an effective plan. Add consistency with self-care, and any patient can shave time off PT, resuming daily activities sooner.